http://192.64.112.23:8080/xmlui/handle/311/9 2026-04-04T07:09:57Z http://192.64.112.23:8080/xmlui/handle/311/28 The social situation of the Aylul Revolution in view Western (1961-1975) Abdullah Omar, Hero The Aylul Revolution, as a popular revolution and a significant event in the history of the Kurdish liberation movement, has been of interest to the Westerners. The events of this revolution have been covered in the global and Western media. These events have been topics for newspapers, magazines, television reports and secret documents. Therefore, several Westerners have visited the liberated areas of the revolution to see the facts about the situation in the region. In addition to analyzing political issues and covering war events, they have not ignored the social situation of the inhabitants of these areas, but have studied several significant aspects of society. In this study, the analytical method has been used as one of the most effective methods to interpretat and analyze the views of the Westerners. Especially in analyzing Westerners’ views on the social situation in the revolutionary areas. Descriptive method has also been used to explain the Westerners’ imaginations and their subjects, in detail. When we look at the views, attitudes and literature of most of the Westerners on the revolution, we can see that they have not forgotten the role of people of different races, sects and communities. They discussed how different social classes participated in the revolution, and how they looked at the cultural structure of the liberated areas. The Westerners have taken into account the social behavior of the people in the situation of war and has analyzed the personality of the Kurdish individuals. They also illustrated the lives of the people in under the rule of the revolution, recorded the difficulties, sufferings and miseries; and also recorded the sounds of bombings and scenes of displacement and destruction. At the same time, they valued the courage, resistance and patience of the inhabitants of these areas. They have seen dramatical changes in people's social life and described the sacrifice of society for the sake of the revolution as the highest sense of nationalism. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://192.64.112.23:8080/xmlui/handle/311/27 Water-based Nanofluid EOR in Carbonate Reservoirs Using Green Synthesized Nanocomposites Abdulazez Ali, Jagar Polymer and smart water flooding have been shown, repeatedly, to be effective methods for chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery (cEOR). The benefits are obtained by increasing the viscosity of the injected fluid, minimizing the interfacial tension (IFT) of the crude oil/aqueous phase, and by wettability alteration. Similarly, nanofluids (fluids injected with nanoparticles) have also been demonstrated to induce the same processes. We have analyzed the EOR response of green nanofluids when formulated with a typical natural polymer mixed with the LoSal and smart waters. For this purpose, two nanocomposites (NCs) called ZnO/SiO2/Xanthan and TiO2@SiO2@poly(acrylamide) were synthesized and prepared from the pomegranate seed extract using a simple, economical and, importantly, green method. The characterization of the synthesized NCs was investigated using the ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), termogravimeric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In this study, the distilled water, seawater, its dilutions (1:10 and 1:20 time dilutions) and smart water were used as dispersion medias for the developed nanocomposites at different concentrations of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm. From the smart waters formulated the single and binary systems of different monovalent and divalent ions at different concentrations (2500, 5000 and 10000 ppm), such as NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4, K2SO4 and CaSO4, KCl-5000, K2SO4-5000, CaSO4+CaCl2 (5000+5000) and K2SO4+ CaCL2 (2500+2500) were selected as the optimal smart solutions dependent of their IFT and CA results. The prepared nanofluids were then tested in various experimental studies related to the stability of injections fluids, IFT behavior, wettability alteration, oil/nanofluid emulsification, and EOR flooding. The pendant drop technique was used to measure the interfacial tension (IFT) of crude-oil/SW, crude-oil/LoSal-water, crude-oil/smart- iii water and crude-oil/nanofluid systems, the wettability behavior of carbonate rock samples was studied using the contact angle (CA) measurement, and nine carbonate core samples were used to observe the role of the synthesized NCs on the performance of the LoSal and smart waters in improving oil recovery using coreflooding tests. The LoSal nanofluid, with 2000 ppm ZnO/SiO2/Xanthan NCs, enabled higher oil recovery by 19.28% OOIP due to a significant reduction in IFT, higher viscosity, better emulsion stability, and wettability alteration towards a stronger water-wet system from 137° to 34° contact angle. Additionally, the performance of the selected smart waters was improved by 65% in IFT reduction, 32% in wettability alteration and 10.5 % in oil recovery due to the influence of the TiO2@SiO2@poly(acrylamide) NCs. Nano-OSS3-5000 smart-nanofluid developed from mixing 1500 ppm of TiO2@SiO2@poly(acrylamide) with 5000 ppm of CaSO4 and CaCl2 ions demonstrated the highest performance in increasing oil recovery from 36.0 to 46.53% OOIP. Overall, ZnO/SiO2/Xanthan NCs dispersed within the LoSal water demonstrated the better performance compared with the TiO2@SiO2@poly(acrylamide) dispersed within the optimal smart waters in improving oil recovery due to the IFT reduction and wettability alteration. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://192.64.112.23:8080/xmlui/handle/311/26 Psychological consequences of coronavirus in Kurdish poetry Adam Faqeawla, Hiwa Every literary text has more or less a psychological character. However, some characteristics of the text, due to the subject and events within the text, take on more psychological characteristics of the text. One of these psychological dimensions of the text is the manifestation of the consequences of anxiety within the text. anxiety in the context of author, reader, and text; This is one of the main concepts of the psychological dimension of the text, especially in the coronavirus pandemic within the framework of epidemic literature has its own psychological characteristics. The coronavirus event and literature as a current issue brings about many changes in the nature of literature, forms and aesthetic concepts, so this research entitled (Consequences of coronavirus anxiety in Kurdish poetry) aims to show the relationship between the event and the epidemic. The level of anxiety about how the poet examines himself through the symbolism of poetic language manifests itself in various forms. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://192.64.112.23:8080/xmlui/handle/311/25 The role of personality traits and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in risk-taking Zana Hasan Babakr, Zana Hasan Babakr The aim of the present thesis was to explore the role of big five personality traits, dark triad, impulsivity, sensation seeking and adverse childhood experiences in risk-taking, and this thesis reports on four studies. Study I was literature review about risk taking which focused on its conceptualisations, measurements, risk factors of risk-taking behaviour. It was demonstrated that risk taking can be assessed by self-report and behavioural task. Study II was examined the association between Big Five personality traits and risky decision-making. This study showed that agreeableness, neuroticism, and conscientiousness correlated with risky decision-making. However, a significant association between risky decision-making with extraversion and openness was not identified. According to the results, men were more prone to making risky decisions than women. Study III was about the role of dark triad, impulsivity and sensation seeking in risky-decision making among adolescences. This study revealed that psychopath, narcissism, impulsivity and sensation seeking predicted risky-decision making, and both impulsivity and sensation seeking mediated partially between two aspects of dark triad and risky decision making. Study IV was aimed to investigate the role of adverse childhood experiences on dark triad, impulsivity, sensation seeking and risk taking. Another aim was to explore the association between dark triad, impulsivity and sensation seeking with self-report risk taking propensity. The results showed that adverse childhood experiences, psychopathy, narcissism, impulsivity and sensation-seeking predicted risk taking. Machiavellianism, on the other hand, did not significantly predict risk taking. Based on results adverse childhood experiences predicted all personality factors. Moreover, adverse childhood experiences predicted risk taking through psychopathy, narcissism, impulsivity and sensationalism. The results indicate that early childhood experiences are a significant factor in personality traits and that positive early experiences could lead to minimising risk taking and reducing levels of impulsivity, sensation-seeking and dark triad traits. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z