| description abstract | The green synthesis of nanoparticles represents an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional chemical and
physical synthesis methods. This approach minimizes the use of hazardous chemicals and leverages biological resources,
aligning with the principles of green chemistry. This study aimed to characterise the green synthesised ZnONPs and
evaluate their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. ZnONPs were synthesised using Washingtonia filifera seed
extract and characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
(FT-IR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their antimicrobial activity
against bacteria and fungi, as well as their anti-inflammatory potency, were assessed. SEM data revealed that the ZnONPs,
fabricated with palm seed extract metabolites, were spherical with an average size of 50 nm. FT-IR analysis identified
varied absorption peaks related to the functional groups of the plant extract and nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activ-
ity was dose-dependent, with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showing inhibition zones of 8.5 ± 0.7 mm and
11.8 ± 0.3 mm, respectively, at 500 μg/mL. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited a notable inhibition zone of 20.4 ± 0.7 mm.
The ZnONPs also inhibited fungal mycelium growth. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ZnONPs showed a concen-
tration-dependent increase, with an 89.15% inhibition of RBC haemolysis at 110 μg/mL. The green synthesised ZnONPs
demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against clinical pathogens and potent anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting
that this eco-friendly method could be a promising strategy for developing versatile biomedical products. | en_US |
